نشریه تحقیقات بنیادین علوم انسانی
پیاپی 1 (زمستان 1394)

The attention to the necessity of the transformation in sciences, especially in the humanities, is one of the most important and valuable achievements brought about by the Islamic Revolution in Iran for the Islamic world. In the Islamic Republic, the opportunities for research in this regard, which are more than any other Muslim countries, have prepared the ground for researchers and experts to theorize about it and explain the related methods; this is because these achievements are transferable to other Islamic societies only if we seriously think about what the humanities are and what processes are necessary to achieve this transformation. In this paper, after reviewing the nature of science and the humanities, and assuming that the transformation in the humanities means a stable one in a desired direction with a scientific authority in fundamentals, methods, concepts, structures, theories and schools and scientific literatures, the spheres in this transformation are introduced and the steps in the "strategic", "managerial" and "epistemological" processes in this transformation are described. Thus, it is obvious that this transformation is neither a reconstructive reductive approach nor a mere applied cultural traditionalization and indigenization, but what is meant by the transformation in the humanities is a process in which the theories in the humanities will be systematically produced according to Islamic principles and resources (wisdom, experience and religious tradition) in line with the purposes of Sharia and the needs of the Islamic society.

Nowadays man is not just seeking to discover and understand the unknowns; rather, he tries to achieve the logic of possession, change and redesign; in other words, when he starts discovering an unknown, he does not want to discover any unknown, but he tends to discover the one which gives him the power to change, construct and produce. Of course, this human effort includes not only the natural world but also the human relations and social institutions. In order to achieve this intended purpose, the humanities are employed. Due to neglecting the element of " construction" and its logical design, Muslim communities have treated the findings in the western countries, especially in the humanities, such as law, politics, economics, and so on, as new subjects and attempted to deal with or apply them by the logic of "knowledge"; the findings which have been designed based on the logic of construction in accordance with the theoretical foundations and cultural-historical ecology in the western countries. This fact not only has not helped the Muslim community but also has caused disharmony in the epistemic and social structure of Muslims. The basic strategy is that the Muslim thinkers should be able identify the needs in this area by designing the logic of construction based on the epistemic and other foundations, and should be able to design and manage cultural, legal, political, and economic institutions and structures according to those needs. This paper tries to achieve the main elements of the logic of construction and their explanation by separating "the logic of knowledge" from "the logic of construction".

This study is presented in the theoretical framework according to the Islamic teachings and the affirmation of thinkers such as Master Motahari, a religious science is (1) a science based on the Islamic and monotheistic principles (a foundationalist view), (2)  beneficial knowledge (a teleological view). The criterion of being beneficial is the needs of the individual and Muslim community; more precisely, its being beneficial can be followed in two aspects: (1) answering (mostly) individual questions, and (2) resolving (mostly) social problems. The main issue of this study can be exposed as follows: firstly, what are the generally known methods for studies on evaluation of sciences (as academic disciplines) and what defects and shortcomings do they have? Secondly, accepting and underlying the teleological exposition of religious science, is it possible to show its being beneficial quantitatively and numerically? How is it possible? With this goal in mind, in this paper, after reviewing the dominant approach in the evaluation of sciences, known as “scientometrics”, an attempt has been made to design the principal and secondary elements and numerically measurable indicators of religious science by modeling the method of internal evaluation in academic centers. In the end, the effect of this view on the applied studies of science in management of the transformation of Islamic humanities is examined.

‘Islamic Humanities’ is a compound term used for producing knowledge of the humanities from the religious sources and value propositions; it has both opponents and proponents. Relying on the fact that the knowing human as the centerpiece of the Islamic humanities using revelation and the Qurchr('39')an is not only possible but also necessary, some emphasize the steering power of producing them. On the contrary, presenting the theory of neutral nature of science and the impossibility of hypothesizing value propositions, some are opposed to Islamic humanities, but the truth is that the humanities determine the basic principles of the ruling and values of communities by offering a variety of discussions on the issues related to human and his existential realms such as, the origin of life, the route and destination, the end of the world, and so forth. Thus if the humanities are founded on the principles of secularism, their output will be very different from the religious foundations and value principles. On the other hand, the problem that is posed along with "the Islamic-Iranian model of progress", is a transformation management in the humanities, and a move to produce the Islamic humanities. Different patterns for transformation have been presented which are mainly macro and conceptual ones; from a strategic perspective, a precise and operational model is needed for the implementation of this transformation. Thus studying the issue of the Islamic humanities, and emphasizing the fundamental assumptions of the model of "a messianic strategic management" (which is a model of an Islamic-Iranian strategic management), the present paper seeks to identify and prioritize the requirements for the transformation management in the humanities.

Sciences are the interrelated epistemic propositions with conceptual relations, forming a scientific-epistemic system, and having strong interactions with each other. There is interaction not only in the fields of social sciences, natural sciences, humanities and the like, but also among the doctrines of each of these fields. From different angles, in fields such as art, medicine, fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence), mathematics, philosophy, astronomy, natural sciences, educational sciences, and so on, there are many interactions even among the religious doctrines and the achievements of other sciences, and this interaction indicates that there are inter-categorical communications and a meta-sectorial system among sciences; it shows communications beyond what are seen as microscopic in the individual sciences. The Analysis, rereading and discovery of these communications and drawing semantic network of analogous sciences and the comprehensive geometry of existing sciences lead to achievements, which are efficient for partial dominance over the epistemic facts and awareness of the various areas of sciences. They also provide a form of a road map for science and research, drawing the thinkers’ creative attention to them, returning to the arena of thought the facts that other branches of knowledge provide for science to think and contemplate, making research more holistic and accurate, and training easier and more comprehensive and applied; in addition, they impact on scientometrics, recognition of the interdisciplinary needs, the structured management of sciences and Islamic human thoughts, leading to science production and its added value. These issues are the elements that this paper surveys and analyzes from the perspective of science study.

The world is full of different phenomena that they all have one feature in common That there is a process to go through to their destruction. Investigate the causes of the emergence, survival, growth, maturation and development of these phenomena to achieve the annihilation of scientific activity, which is done by scholars in different fields of science. Garlic logical explanations and descriptions in order to achieve a general rule for predicting a scientific process. It was not too difficult in the natural sciences and the physical But in the humanities, particularly the security and political phenomena, it is very difficult to make. Comprehensive and systematic understanding of a phenomenon and the system complexity and making it Insert the frontispiece of "Understanding your problem is half the solution" to this kind of phenomena is necessary. He pretended to be going through the same principle that lies in relation to the phenomena including the humanities and the social responsibilities of researchers. Nevertheless, the author of this article through discovering and brainstorming approach or expertise to try to draw a model of the Delphi method applied to the analysis of social phenomena.

In its natural course, science is formed on the basis of accumulated demands.  The natural foundation of strategies focused on the production of religious science is ‘elasticity of demand’, and it is essential that the principle of ‘science push’ and intentional interference in speeding up this process be adjusted in a reasonable form. Based on this approach, in order to compile a comprehensive map for the production of an Islamic sociology, an attempt was made to: (1) delineate all of its production stages, from hypothesizing to productivity, as an interrelated totality, (2) provide an opportunity for "convergent" presence for all of them according to main axes of the active approaches in this area. Finally, the general structure of this comprehensive map has been formulated on the basis of the principles and basic axes of "necessity and demand", "production and theorizing", and "supply and productivity"; accordingly, the objectives, the strategic principles and the related action plans have been organized.